Art of the Qualified Plan Audit

In Summary Risk of Tainted Assets: Directly merging plan assets preserves their source classification, creating a risk that previous qualification errors in the merged plan (resulting in “tainted assets”) could affect the audited financial statements of the successor plan. Rollovers Eliminate Risk: The optimal way to avoid tainted assets is by having participants conduct rollovers … Continued

In Summary Final Form 5500 Filing, Asset Distribution, and Legal Title: A plan’s final Form 5500 filing obligation is triggered not by the effective date of termination, but by the complete distribution of all assets. In a merger, the final filing is determined by the date the legal title of the assets transfers to the … Continued

Posted by Christopher J. Ciminera, CPA IKYMI: It’s with great pleasure that we congratulate Maria Hurd, CPA, RPA, our fearless employee benefit plan practice group leader and the guiding star for myself, Stacey Snyder, Saaib Uppal, Tyler Starr, and many others, for being recognized on Forbes’ List of America’s Best-in-State CPAs. This list is a … Continued

In Summary The New Program: There is a new Self-Correction Component (SCC) of the Voluntary Fiduciary Correction Program (VFCP), which allows plan sponsors to officially use the DOL’s online calculator for self-correction. This new option is only available for specific errors, such as delinquent contributions deposited within 180 days where the associated lost earnings are … Continued

In Summary Unclear Deadlines for 401(k) Deferrals: The Department of Labor (DOL) regulations for 401(k) deferral deposits are unclear, using “earliest” and “reasonably” rather than a firm deadline. While small plans (under 100 accounts) have a 7-day safe harbor, large plans do not. As a result, many large plans adopt a 3-day industry standard, which … Continued

In Summary Foundational Plan Governance: Auditors will require all core legal and governance materials, such as the executed plan document, the most recent IRS determination letter, committee minutes, proof of the ERISA fidelity bond, and copies of all service provider agreements. Financial Reporting: The audit relies on detailed financial data, including the draft Form 5500, year-end … Continued

In Summary Funded Plans, the Audit Requirement: The single most important factor determining if a large welfare plan needs a CPA audit is its funding status. If a plan uses a separate trust account (such as a 501(c)(9) VEBA) to hold assets or pay benefits—making it “funded”—it must undergo an audit of the entire plan … Continued

In Summary Designated Roth Accounts Contribution Rules: Participants in 401(k), 403(b), or 457(b) plans can make after-tax contributions to a designated Roth account. These contributions are combined with any pre-tax deferrals to count toward the annual limit ($23,500 in 2025). Unlike Roth IRAs, there are no income caps preventing high earners from contributing to their … Continued

In Summary Counting All Roth Dollars: All Roth contributions a High Earner makes count toward the mandate, regardless of when they are made. This means a participant who contributes a portion of their regular 402(g) limit on a Roth basis might already satisfy the catch-up requirement before their total contributions exceed the 402(g) limit. Plan … Continued

In Summary Roth’s Vision: Senator Roth’s legacy continues through tax-free retirement innovation, as his creation of the Roth IRA in 1997 transformed retirement savings and inspired later Roth-style accounts like Roth 401(k), 403(b), and 457(b). Mandatory Roths Era: Rothification marks a shift toward mandatory after-tax contributions, beginning in 2026 when High Earners must make catch-up … Continued